Man came upon the earth millions of years ago. The earliest man is
known to have existed on all continents. Man was there in Europe; Man existed
in China; Humans dwelled in Africa; Man was there in America and he was there
in India also. And everywhere he developed civilization. Man is a social animal.
He needs each other to survive. Man developed society for together living.
Along came the God theory. Indigenous communities everywhere developed God
theory.
The most interesting and importantly most harmonious God theory was
developed in India ONLY. And only in India. Nowhere else.
Lets see how.
The Pagan System
As civilization developed, man was mesmerized by Prakrithi (nature).
He realized, the Prakrithi gives him the survival needs of food, water,
air. Prakrithi is beautiful and challenges him to understand it better.
So he grew curious. His curiousness took him to understand the world and
beyond. But he was limited by his only 5 senses to know everything. So he concluded
there must be some super being that must have set up this entire thing to work
in beautiful harmony. His curiousness became respect and then devotion. So he
worshipped that concept. And thus GOD came about in human theory.
But different communities in different places developed reverence for
different forms of God. But conceiving God without form and feature became
difficult. So they looked at various elements of the nature and started
worshipping according to their understanding of who is superior. Sun is God.
Earth is god. Mountain is God. Air is God. Fire is God. Forest is God. River is
God. And so on. So different communities across the world conceived different
God forms and worshipped. This is true of not only India. The Mayans,
Egyptians, Greeks, aborigins & tribals across the world worshipped the
nature elements as well as formless & different forms of God. This is
called as Pagan system by modern day European theologists (Theology
means God Theory) and early Christians.
Then came the superiority complex amongst the communities. This created
conflicts amongst the communities. Conflict resolution on superiority of GOD
who don’t talk, who don’t come upon calling, who don’t interact with all at
once, became a complex situation for amicable resolution. So the communities
fought and annihilated other community and established superiority. If community
A wins over community B then the God of community A is superior over God of community
B. So whoever is the political leader dictates the superiority of the God &
annihilated the other community.
The Vedas, Upanishads & Puranas
But India was different. In India, great visionaries called Rishis and
Maharshis understood this human tragedy well enough. They penanced. God,
the Supreme Being, revealed the truth in the form of the “Vedas”.
Rishis said the social harmony is most important. Man’s duty towards
another man is important. Man’s duty to Prakrithi with minimalistic
living is important. Rishi’s called this as “Dharma”, the most
fundamental truth for humanity. Dharma became compassion. Dharma
became self-less service to the mankind and Prakrithi. Dharma was
the path to Moksha – the ultimate liberation from the birth-death
recycle. In western theology, obedience to one particular God is the path to
Heaven. In contrast, in the Indian theology, it is the good deeds which take
one to salvation irrespective of whichever God he worships.
While Dharma became the most fundamental truth for the man, the faith
in God is irreplaceable. It is natural feeling of devotion in human heart. So
it was important to put theories around all different Gods for man to live in
harmony. The Vedas take each god and depict as the most powerful god. All
the communities believed in the Vedas as the ultimate truth. Shaiva,
Vaishnava, Ganapathya, Shakthya & several other communities, all of them
believe in the Vedas as the ultimate truth. The Vedas are intelligently
and cryptically written for all of us to believe it says our God is the most
superior of them all.
The Rishis didn’t stop at that. Because if they did, it would still
result in fight for superiority. So through stories of Puranas and Upanishads,
they created relation between all the Gods. So Lakshmi the Goddess of Wealth is
the consort of Vishnu the Preserver of the universe; Saraswathi the goddess of
knowledge is the consort of Brahma the Creater; Similarly Shiva-Parvathi; Then
Ganesha-Karthikeya are sons of Shiva-Parvathi, and the list is endless.
Not only that, in various stories & ithihasa the happenings,
one God worships the other. In Ramayana, Rama worships Shiva Linga in
Rameswaram. In Shiva Purana, Shiva teaches Rama Nama to Parvathi in Amaranatha
caves. Krishna does Vinayaka Vratha, while the worshipped Ganesha is the Scribe
of the Magnum opus Mahabharatha and Bhagavatha, both being ultimate tribute to
the Lord Krishna. So you will see umpteen numbers of stories where Gods interact,
pay respects to each other, worship each other. It is almost as if they don’t have
any qualms of superiority between them at all.
But will they not fight at all? Or will their followers not fight at
all in these stories?
Narada – The Kalahapriya
Narada plays a crucial role in this harmonious set up. Interestingly he
is called Kalahapriya – the trouble creator. Because, his role itself is
to create conflict between Gods and their respective followers. He brings in trouble
quietly in a harmonious set up. Whenever he enters you can be sure the story
takes interesting turns.
There is this Kama - Desire, Krodha - Anger, Moha –
Possessiveness, Mada – Superiority complex, Mathsara – Cruel Jealousy;
the 5 Doshas – deformities, in every human being. And Narada brings that
out even in Gods. You might argue this is silly. How can God who is above all
this have such merely humane Dosha. He will not have. But through
conflict the Sathya (The Truth) & Dharma (The Righteousness) is
made to win ultimately. So for that God is made to fall prey momentarily to such
mundane Dosha. Ultimately, Narada
says in all stories, that to bring about the Dharma consciousness
amongst the people of the earth, Gods play all these Nataka (Drama)
The Spread of Hinduism
When Hinduism with these basic tenets spread around the world, it didn’t
face any resistance nor was there any conflict. Because basically it believes
in Polytheism (Multiple God Theory). Every community around the world which had
its own indigenous God theory was easily assimilated into Hinduism. During the BC
600 and before, under Magadha kingdom and even before, Hinduism spread westward all the
way to Persia and may be beyond. Around 8th Cent CE, under Cholas,
the Hinduism spread well across most of east Asia all the way till Thailand,
Cambodia and may be beyond. While it retained their indigenous faiths,
rituals, it enhanced their faith rather than converting their faith. Because,
Hinduism had so many Gods to compare it with their indigenous Gods to align. So
the Ramayana, Mahabharata travelled far east and adopted itself to the
imaginations and lifestyle, environmental settings of their own land. They
brought in their elemental Gods, Nature Gods, Animal Gods, Imaginary Gods &
interwoven their stories and produced some of the best mythology. The best part
is it was all Harmonious. It created great temples, art, artecraft, magnificent
architecture which stand till date testimony to social harmony over centuries
if not millenniums.
How does Hinduism treat Godification of Historical
figures?
Oh yeah! This part is amazing. It so easily creates Gods everyday in
India. It adopts these new Gods also to an already existing galaxy of Gods. So
it doesn’t instill fear, but harmony amongst the followers.
For example, Vithoba in North Karanataka – Maharastra region was a
historical figure. There was a big following of him, based on his greatness. He
became God in the eyes of the people of the region. May be some Maharishi of
that time, recognized Vithoba’s greatness and compared him to Sri Krishna. So
instead of imposing his God Sri Krishna as superior over their faithful god
Vithoba, he called Vithoba as his God Sri Krishna only. He didn’t feel any fear
of loosing his own God’s superiority. By submitting himself at the great altar
of Vithoba he showed grace. And this graceful gesture positively appealed to
the people of the region and took to worship Sri Krishna in Vithoba. This resulted in the flow of many further
stories, songs of devotion, dance forms, art and many other things which bring
harmony to the society and to an individual.
Thirumala Venkatesha, Khandoba, Mallikarjuna, Chamundeshwari and many other
Gods across the length and breadth of India are arguably historical figures who
are Godified by their exemplary good deeds. The great celebrations - uthsava,
jaathre, kumbha mela etc., that happen at the abode of these Gods attract lakhs
of devotees cutting across region, language, caste. It has brought people together
every day for many milleniums.
Many people argue India is mired in casteism, hatred, discrimination.
But they don’t look at these magnificent canvases of social harmony. Alas! They
look with coloured glasses only at few skirmishes which happen everyday here
and there in small pockets and cry out loud that India is hopeless. Of course
these need to be condemned and corrected. As every healthy man gets wounds
& gets healed, our society also is exposed to such wounds often and it gets
healed. It generally settles over time amicably. It always does in our country.
Unlike in other countries this kind of wound spreads like cancer eating away
the healthy cells.
Conflict with Monotheism
Monotheism is belief in only one God. Or the God theory which believes
in only one God. Christianity and Islam follow Monotheism.
How does Hinduism take in that?
Vedas say “Ekam Sat Viprah Bahuda Vadanthi”, meaning there is
only one truth, but wise call it by different names. So Hinduism accept the
Gods from the religions who follow Monotheism. But do they accept us? That is
not possible. Lets see few examples.
Gandhiji adapted Allah into his famous hymn – ‘Eeshwara allah thero
naam’. Many Hindus recite this in various religious ceremonies. It is just
as easy as that.
Kabir’s Dohe make it into the holy books of Hindus and Sikhs. It makes
it into our holy temples for devotional serving. He says in his Dohe Ram and
Rahim are same. Our Santha Shishunala Shareepha says Allah and Allama are same.
We keep these work worth of worship at the highest altar of our Godly place and
recite.
Will any Masjid dare take Ram into their holy places? It is inconceivable.
Many of our Indian philosophers have paid great tributes to Yesu & depicted
him with highest reverence. In fact some compare him to Sri Krishna and have
composed hymns over him. There is a Hindu temple (The largest glass temple in
the world) in Kaulalampur which has Yesu also in there. It is that simple.
Will any Church have a place for Sri Krishna? It is inconceivable.
Individual Christians, Individual Muslims might adapt Hindu Gods or
other Gods. But the institutions will never mend.
We cannot expect that also. Because, they follow Monotheism. But the
biggest conflict comes in the faith conversion. The Monotheists are hard
pressed on faith conversion as a salvation path. And that I believe is the
single most reason of conflict across the world in the name of GOD!
Indian God theory is certainly the most amazing & most harmonious theory
of all that I have known.
God bless me for writing this blog!!!